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Ralph Waldo Emerson

Personal Information

Born May 25, 1803
Died April 27, 1882 (78 years old)
Boston, United States
Also known as: Waldo Ralph Emerson, Ralph, Waldo Emerson
187 books
3.8 (36)
333 readers

Description

Ralph Waldo Emerson was an American philosopher, essayist, and poet, best remembered for leading the Transcendentalist movement of the mid-19th century. His teachings directly influenced the growing New Thought movement of the mid-1800s. He was seen as a champion of individualism and a prescient critic of the countervailing pressures of society. Emerson gradually moved away from the religious and social beliefs of his contemporaries, formulating and expressing the philosophy of Transcendentalism in his 1836 essay, Nature. As a result of this ground-breaking work he gave a speech entitled The American Scholar in 1837, which Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr. considered to be America's "Intellectual Declaration of Independence". Considered one of the great orators of the time, Emerson's enthusiasm and respect for his audience enraptured crowds. His support for abolitionism late in life created controversy, and at times he was subject to abuse from crowds while speaking on the topic. When asked to sum up his work, he said his central doctrine was "the infinitude of the private man."

Books

Newest First

Essays

Jeremy Collier, Umberto Eco, H. I. D. Ryder, Arthur Penrhyn Stanley, Walter Kasper, Béla Bartók, Clement Mansfield Ingleby, John Fiske, John Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron Acton, Jean-Luc Nancy, Michael Pye, Octavio Paz, Sayyid Aḥmad K̲h̲ān̲, Joseph Addison, Algirdas Julien Greimas, Евгений Иванович Замятин, Henry F. (Henry Francis) Pelham, Arthur Christopher Benson, Grant, Percy Stickney, Charles Carroll Everett, Jean François Lyotard, Herbert Spencer, Raymond Williams, William Hazlitt, Giorgio Agamben, Alfred Kerr, Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Blok, William Butler Yeats, William Graham Sumner, Allen Tate, James Beattie, J. H. Plumb, William Godwin, Francis Bacon, Henry David Thoreau, Henry Thomas Buckle, Arthur Schopenhauer, Herman Friedrich Grimm, John Addington Symonds, James Hadley, James Laughlin, Joseph Isaac Schneersohn, Irving Howe, E. M. W. Tillyard, Benjamin Rush, Plutarch, Morton Feldman, Simone Weil, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Howard Zinn, Ellen Key, Salisbury, Robert Cecil marquess of, J. Logie Robertson, Oliver Goldsmith, Thomas Henry Huxley, Arnold Zweig, Hugh Miller, Mackenzie, Morell Sir, George Orwell, Bing Xin, Roland Barthes, Errico Malatesta, George John Romanes, Parsons, Theophilus, Alice Meynell, Alejo Carpentier, Charles Baudelaire, Jacques Barzun, James Huneker, Thomas Paine, Thomas Merton, Jean-Paul Sartre, Montaigne, Michel de, David Hume, Paul Valéry, Félix Guattari, Wilhelm Max Wundt, Christopher Hill, Shen, Congwen, Italo Calvino, Robert Morgan, James Martineau, Abūlkalām Āzād, Friedrich Schiller, Rosemond Tuve, René Descartes, Immanuel Kant, Joseph Alois Schumpeter, Carl Gustav Jung, John Henry Newman, Thomas De Quincey, Virginia Woolf, Matthew Arnold, Frederic William Henry Myers, Ernst Troeltsch, Martin Buber, Hermann Bahr, Thomas Mann, Charles Augustin Sainte-Beuve, Jonathan Franzen, Samuel Johnson, Anscombe, G. E. M., Charles Lamb, George Brimley, John Abercrombie, Thomas Monro, Hubert Bland
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Selected essays

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"With his wit, eloquence and shrewd perception of contemporary morals, Samuel Johnson was the most versatile of Augustan writers. His dictionary, dramas and poetry established his reputation, but it was the essays published in The Rambler, The Adventurer and The Idler that demonstrated the range of his talent. Tackling ethical questions such as the importance of self-knowledge, awareness of mortality, the role of the novel, and, in a lighter vein, marriage, sleep and deceit, these brilliant and thought-provoking essays are a mirror of the time in which they were written and a testament to Johnson's stature as the leading man of letters of his age." "This new edition contains a broad selection of essays presenting both the forcefully argued moral pieces of Johnson's middle years and the more light-hearted essays of his later work. The introduction places the works in their historical and literary context, and there is also a chronology of Johnson's life and times."--Jacket.

The conduct of life

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Discusses the ultimate ethical and religious issues that confront modern man and offers a new orientation, directed to the renewal of life and the reintegration of modern civilization. -- Publisher's description.

Self-Reliance and Other Writings

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Abounding with simple yet inspirational philosophy, Self-Reliance and Other Writings sets its reader on the path toward personal fulfillment. Emerson reminds the reader to understand our bond to nature and God over the course of the six theses – “History,” “Friendship,” “The Over-Soul,” “The Poet,” “Experience,” and of course “Self-Reliance” – and one Harvard Divinity School address. Though snippets of the author’s future cynicism toward humanity creep in, the overall message is how one can further independency in every-day life.

Words of Ages

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Explorers and early settlers -- The general history of Virginia, New England, and the Summer Isles / John Smith -- The history and present state of Virginia / Robert Beverley -- Of Plymouth Plantation / William Bradford -- "A model of Christian charity" / John Winthrop -- "In memory of my dear grandchild Anne Bradstreet" / Anne Bradstreet -- "The minister's black veil" / Nathaniel Hawthorne -- Voices of a revolution -- "Sinners in the hands of an angry God" / Jonathan Edwards -- "The way to wealth" / Benjamin Franklin -- "Considerations on keeping Negroes" / John Woolman -- "The last of the Mohicans: a narrative of 1757" / James Fenimore Cooper -- Common sense / Thomas Paine -- Declaration of independence / Thomas Jefferson -- personal letters / John Adams & Abigail Adams -- The search for a national identity -- "On the emigration to America and peopling the western country" / Philip Freneau -- "Federalist no.2" / John Jay -- "The interesting narrative of the life of Olaudah Equiano" / Olaudah Equiano -- The history of the Lewis and Clark expedition / Meriwether Lewis & William Clark -- A tour on the prairies / Washington Irving -- "Tecumseh's plea to the Choctaws and the Chickasaws" / Tecumseh -- The shackles of power: three Jeffersonian decades / John Dos Passos. A confident nation -- "The young American" / Ralph Waldo Emerson -- "Resistance to civil government" / Henry David Thoreau -- Woman in the nineteenth century / Margaret Fuller -- "Great are the myths" / Walt Whitman -- "Annexation" / John L. O'Sullivan -- Personal memoirs / Juan Nepomuceno Seguin -- Slavery and the abolition movement -- Narrative of the life of Frederick Douglass / Frederick Douglass -- Incidents in the life of a slave girl / Harriet Jacobs -- Uncle Tom's cabin / Harrriet Beecher Stowe -- Sociology for the South / George Fitzhugh -- "Appeal to the Christian women of the South" / Angelina Grimke Weld -- "The hunters of men" / John Greenleaf Whittier -- Civil war and reconstruction -- "The portent" / Herman Melville -- The red badge of courage: an episode of the American Civil War / Stephen Crane -- "Hospital sketches" / Louisa May Alcott -- "O Captain! My Captain!" / Walt Whitman -- "Up from slavery" / Booker T. Washington -- The souls of Black folk / W.E.B. DuBois. Industrializing America -- The closing of the frontier -- O pioneers! / Willa Cather -- "Chiquita" / Bret Harte -- The life and adventure of Nat Love, better known in the cattle country as Deadwood Dick / Nat Love -- "Kansas I" / A Mexican Folk Ballad -- "The passing of the buffalo" / Hamlin Garland -- Black Elk speaks / Black Elk -- Artists render industrialization and urbanization -- "What the engines said" / Bret Harte -- "Life in the iron mills" / Rebecca Harding Davis -- The age of innocence / Edith Wharton -- "Proem: to Brooklyn Bridge" / Hart Crane -- Yekl: a tale of the New York ghetto / Abraham Cahan -- "Chicago" / Carl Sandburg -- Social critics and reformers -- "We are all bound up together" / Francis E. Watkins Harper -- Eighty years and more: reminiscences 1815-1897 / Elizabeth Cady Stanton -- "A church mouse" / Mary Wilkins Freeman -- Huckleberry Finn / Samuel L. Clemens -- The shame of the cities / Lincoln Steffens -- The jungle / Upton Sinclair. Americans abroad and World War I -- The portrait of a lady / Henry James -- "The white man's burden" / Rudyard Kipling -- "The real 'white man's burden'" / Ernest Crosby -- "Hallelujahs" / Jose de Diego -- One of ours / Willa Cather -- "next to of course god america i" / E. E. Cummings -- Democracy and adversity -- The jazz age -- The great Gatsby / F. Scott Fitzgerald -- "Song of perfect propriety" / Dorothy Parker -- The flivver king / Upton Sinclair -- Jazz / Toni Morrison -- "The weary blues" / Langston Hughes -- Their eyes were watching God / Zora Neale Hurston -- The Great Depression and the New Deal -- The big money / John Dos Passos -- Waiting for Lefty / Clifford Odets -- "Women on the breadlines" / Meridel LeSueur -- The grapes of wrath / John Steinbeck -- "Colonial Park" / Ralph Ellison -- "Proud day" / Genevieve Taggard. World War II -- "Freedom" / E. B. White -- Battle cry / Leon Uris -- Farewell to Manzanar / Jeanne Wakatsuki Houston and James D. Houston -- "Apostrophe to the land" / Countee Cullen -- The face of war / Martha Gellhorn -- Night / Elie Wiesel -- Hiroshima / John Hershey -- The challenges of power -- Prosperity and anxiety -- An American childhood / Annie Dillard -- The man in the gray flannel suit / Sloan Wilson -- On the road / Jack Kerouac -- Coming of age in Mississippi / Anne Moody -- The cruicible / Arthur Miller -- The right stuff / Tom Wolfe -- Rights and revolutions -- "Letter from a Birmingham jail" / Martin Luther King, Jr. -- "Message to the grass roots" / Malcolm X -- "Why I want a wife" / Judy Brady -- The house on Mango Street / Sandra Cisneros -- Lakota woman / Mary Crow Dog -- "Blowin' in the wind" / Bob Dylan -- The Vietnam years -- One very hot day / David Halberstam -- Going after Cacciato / Tim O'Brien -- "Life at war" / Denise Levertov -- American pastoral / Philip Roth -- "Letters from my father" / Robert Olen Butler.

Poems

Francisco de Quevedo, George Meredith, Patrick Branwell Brontë, Hugh MacDiarmid, Buonarroti, Michelangelo, Tristan Tzara, Anne Hebert, Allan Ramsay, Francis Thompson, Michael S. Harper, Wyatt, Thomas Sir, Philip Morin Freneau, Ryōkan, Ernest Warburton Shurtleff, Paul Celan, D. M. Thomas, Sextus Propertius, Edith Södergran, Octavio Paz, Frances Sargent Locke Osgood, Bei Dao, Mirza Asadullah Khan Ghalib, Vicente Aleixandre, Claudio Rodríguez, Samuel Rogers, George Mackay Brown, Hans Magnus Enzensberger, Dylan Thomas, Saint-John Perse, Joseph Addison, Giuseppe Ungaretti, Stéphane Mallarmé, Thomas Moore, Tappan, William B., William Henry Burleigh, Coventry Kersey Dighton Patmore, Stephen Spender, Dorothy Parker, Sir Philip Sidney, Ennis Rees, Edwin Morgan, Alonzo Lewis, William Cullen Bryant, Elizabeth Barrett Browning, Manuel Machado, Wilfred Owen, Philip Larkin, William Barnes, Fanny Kemble, William Vaughn Moody, Dinah Maria Mulock Craik, Robert Louis Stevenson, Maksimilian Aleksandrovich Voloshin, Michael Drayton, Jeanne Marie Bouvier de La Motte Guyon, Cyprian Norwid, José Asunción Silva, Matthew Prior, Robert Hugh Benson, W. S. Merwin, James Thomas Fields, John Crowe Ransom, Sitakant Mahapatra, Agatha Christie, James Clarence Mangan, Arthur Rimbaud, Robert Seymour Bridges, Bickersteth, Edward Henry, Francesco Filelfo, W. R. Rodgers, Henry Harbaugh, Edmund Waller, Publius Vergilius Maro, Edmund Blunden, Xu, Zhimo, Anne Michaels, Czesław Miłosz, Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Blok, Tu Fu, Hodgson, Ralph, William Walsham How, Adam Zagajewski, Margaret Atwood, Paul Éluard, Anita Ganeri, Christopher Stuart-Clark, Georg Heym, Ralph Gustafson, Katharine Tynan, William Carlos Williams, A. J. B. Beresford Hope, Rudyard Kipling, Luís de Camões, W. H. Davies, Albius Tibullus, 寒山, Walter De la Mare, Zalman Shazar, Brooke, Rupert, Charles Olson, Joachim Du Bellay, William Butler Yeats, Frank O'Hara, Nuala Ní Dhomhnaill, Kōnstantinos Petrou Kabaphēs, Allen Tate, Jim Harrison, Frederick William Faber, Richard Chenevix Trench, D. H. Lawrence, Stephen Crane, Walter Raleigh, Edwin Arlington Robinson, Wallace Stevens, Percy Bysshe Shelley, César Vallejo, Robert Penn Warren, King, Henry, Rubén Darío, Paul Verlaine, Will Carleton, John Masefield, Adelaide Anne Procter, Mary Baker Eddy, Edith Dame Sitwell, William Winter, John Ashbery, Alda Merini, ʻAbd al-Raḥmān Raḥmān, Thomas Blacklock, Hans Christian Andersen, Richard Watson Gilder, Randall Jarrell, Maurice Thompson, Stephen G. Bulfinch, W. H. Auden, John Sterling, Barker, George, Lucy Larcom, Lord Byron, Robinson Jeffers, Ben Jonson, Lydia H. Sigourney, Léopold Sédar Senghor, Rita Dove, William Shakespeare, Gilbert Keith Chesterton, Mary Leadbeater, Geoffrey Chaucer, Ai, Qing, Robert Underwood Johnson, Carl Sandburg, Anna Laetitia Barbauld, Francis Gerry Fairfield, Charles Tomlinson, Roque Dalton, T. W. H. Crosland, Richard Eberhart, Mihai Eminescu, A. D. Hope, Jan Kochanowski, Stephen Greenleaf Bulfinch, Robert Bulwer Lytton, James Russell Lowell, Langston Hughes, Dante Gabriel Rossetti, Edgar Allan Poe, Hayyim Nahman Bialik, Ford Madox Ford, Jaroslav Seifert, Conrad Aiken, Bret Harte, John Greenleaf Whittier, George Seferis, José de Espronceda, Pedro Salinas, Nadezhda Mandelʹshtam, Miguel Hernandez, Hannah Flagg Gould, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Stetson, Augusta E., Günter Grass, Henry A. Beers, Denise Levertov, Allen Ginsberg, Amy Lowell, Glover, Richard, Antonio Porta, Odysseas Elytis, Kathleen Raine, Mary Elizabeth Coleridge, François Villon, Gwendolyn MacEwen, Thom Gunn, Laurence Binyon, Derek Mahon, Dannie Abse, Iain Banks, Adrienne Rich, Ishmael Reed, Edgar Lee Masters, Florence Earle Coates, Georg Trakl, Gunnar Ekelöf, Christine de Pisan, John Davidson, Salvatore Quasimodo, Mark Strand, Clarke, Austin, Pierre Jean de Béranger, Александр Сергеевич Пушкин, George Crabbe, Mi-la-ras-pa, Franz Werfel, Henri Michaux, Horatio Nelson Powers, Harold Pinter, Robert Bly, William Thomas Moncrieff, Mary Robinson, Yevgeny Aleksandrovich Yevtushenko, Ella Young, Archibald MacLeish, John Buchan, Eliza Allen Starr, Robert W. Service, Pierre de Ronsard, Stephen Phillips, H. D. (Hilda Doolittle), Gaius Valerius Catullus, Maurice Baring, John Wilmot, Earl of Rochester, Cecil Frances Alexander, Clare, John, Algernon Charles Swinburne, Alice Meynell, George Herbert, John Wieners, Cecil Day-Lewis, Anne Stevenson, Joseph Dacre Carlyle, Clara Sophia Jessup Bloomfield-Moore, Sappho, Alexander Pope, Rita Mae Brown, Charles Simic, Pope John Paul II, Dora Greenwell, Louis MacNeice, Antonia Pozzi, John Lydgate, Thomas Gray, Jonathan Swift, Joseph von Eichendorff, Edward Thomas, C. H. Sisson, Sir Muhammad Iqbal, Emily Dickinson, Jean Toomer, Siegfried Sassoon, Pablo Neruda, Robert Herrick, Gabriela Mistral, Charles Baudelaire, Meredith Nicholson, Frederick George Scott, Rafael Alberti, Edna Dean Proctor, Jean Cocteau, Michelangelo Buonarroti, Victor Hugo, Henry Lawson, A. M. Klein, Kobayashi, Issa, Charles Kingsley, Mark Akenside, William Wordsworth, Giuseppe Gioachino Belli, Julia C. R. Dorr, Annette von Droste-Hülshoff, Charles Churchill, Charles G. D. Roberts, Martin, Theodore Sir, Oscar Wilde, Bo Li, Elizabeth Jane Coatsworth, Robert Graves, Abram Joseph Ryan, Rainer Maria Rilke, Mary Oliver, Archibald Lampman, Anna Akhmatova, Ady, Endre, Jean Ingelow, Ugo Foscolo, Boris Leonidovich Pasternak, Z. N. Gippius, Robert Henryson, Clinton Scollard, Bernard] [Barton, Rosalía de Castro, Wright, Judith, Felicia Dorothea Browne Hemans, Elizabeth Bishop, Anthony Hecht, Iolo Aneurin Williams, Ken MacLeod, Heinrich Heine, Christopher Smart, Wei Wang, Ron Rash, Joseph Brodsky, John Skelton, John Mitchel, Robert Edward Duncan, Hartley Coleridge, E. E. Cummings, Al Purdy, Abraham Cowley, Arthur Hugh Clough, Osip Mandelʹshtam, Eliza Lee (Cabot) Follen, Vladimir Nabokov, Frances Ridley Havergal, Charles Dickens, Thomas Kinsella, James Ingram Merrill, Giacomo Leopardi, Sir George Etherege, Hermann Hesse, Rocco Scotellaro, Ridgely Torrence, Fernando Pessoa, Graham Handley, Luis de León, Alice Cary, Kenneth Koch, Gerard Manley Hopkins, Yehuda Amichai, Thomas Hall Shastid, William Bell Scott, Keith Castellain Douglas, Herbert Edward Read, Pier Paolo Pasolini, Eugene Field, Johann Christian Günther, Alfred Lord Tennyson, Padraic Colum, Philip Sherrard, Wisława Szymborska, Ḥāfiẓ, Thomas Chatterton, Francesco Berni, William Blake, T. S. Eliot, George Santayana, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Giovanni Pascoli, Ivor Gurney, Robert Creeley, Maya Angelou, C. S. Lewis, Nikolaĭ Alekseevich Nekrasov, Guillaume Apollinaire, Stevie Smith, Bertolt Brecht, Wotton, Henry Sir, Ernest Hemingway, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Eugenio Montale, Philip Levine, Marina T͡Svetaeva, Ernesto Cardenal, Emile Nelligan, George MacBeth, Jean Follain, Witter Bynner, Christopher John Brennan, Reginald Heber, Jules Laforgue, Miguel Torga, Vicente Huidobro, Lady Mary Wroth, Vega, Garcilaso de la, Ezra Pound, John of the Cross, Christina Georgina Rosetti, Richmond Alexander Lattimore, Katherine Mansfield, Matthew Arnold, Frederic William Henry Myers, James Gates Percival, Theodore Roethke, Clement Clarke Moore, Desiderius Erasmus, Rachel Field, Robert Frost, Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr., Iain Crichton Smith, Edwin Arnold, Byron Herbert Reece, E. F. Ellet, J. P. Clark-Bekederemo, William McGonagall, Gerald Gould, Federico García Lorca, W. S. Gilbert, J.R.R. Tolkien, Lily Brett, Paul Laurence Dunbar, John Berryman, Neil Gaiman, Juan Gelman, Thomas, R. S., William Cowper, Samuel ha-Nagid, Clarence Brown, Luis de Góngora y Argote, Delmira Agustini, Juan Ramón Jiménez, Edna St. Vincent Millay, Juan Meléndez Valdés, Aurelius Clemens Prudentius, Pindar, Peter, Richard Wilbur, Corregidor, Hayden Carruth, Mīr Taqī Mīr
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Essays & lectures

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