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Sep 28, 551 — Mar 7, 479· -73 yrs

LU AUTHOR · CHINESE PHILOSOPHY · ETHICS

Confucius

Also known as: 孔子, Kǒng zǐ

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Confucius (c. 551 – c. 479 BCE), born Kong Qiu, was a Chinese philosopher of the Spring and Autumn period who is traditionally considered the paragon of Chinese sages. Much of the shared cultural heritage of the Sinosphere originates in the philosophy and teachings of Confucius. His philosophical teachings, called Confucianism, emphasized personal and governmental morality, harmonious social relationships, righteousness, kindness, sincerity, and a ruler's responsibilities to lead by virtue. Confucius considered himself a transmitter for the values of earlier periods which he claimed had been abandoned in his time. He advocated for filial piety, endorsing strong family loyalty, ancestor veneration, and the respect of elders by their children and of husbands by their wives.

Qufu, Lu
Wikipedia

1. The Shu is the most ancient of the Chinese classical books, and contains historical documents of various kinds, relating to the period from about B.C. 2357-627.

— from The Sacred books of China

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#2

Lun yu

3.2 (5)

Here is a translation of the recorded thoughts and deeds that best remember Confucius - informed for the first time by the manuscript version found at Dingzhou in 1973, a partial text dating to 55 b.c.e. and only made available to the scholarly world in 1997. Based on the earliest Analects yet discovered, this translation provides us with a new perspective on the central canonical text that has defined Chinese culture - and clearly illuminates the spirit and mind-set of Confucius. Based on the latest research and complete with both Chinese and English texts, this revealing translation serves both as an excellent introduction to Confucian thought and as an authoritative addition to sophisticated debate.

#1

The analects

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From the book:The Master said, “Is it not pleasant to learn with a constant perseverance and application? “Is it not delightful to have friends coming from distant quarters? “Is he not a man of complete virtue, who feels no discomposure though men may take no note of him?” The philosopher Yu said, “They are few who, being filial and fraternal, are fond of offending against their superiors. There have been none, who, not liking to offend against their superiors, have been fond of stirring up confusion.

#3

The sayings of Confucius

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The Analects is a compilation of ethical pronouncements attributed to the ancient Chinese scholar and teacher Kung Fu-Tse, known in the West as Confucius. Confucius felt that society had been drifting into moral decay for at least 200 years before his birth, and his life's effort was an attempt to reverse this trend for he maintained that we, as humans, are capable of handling our own problems without the aid of Divine assistance. This is the only work attributed to Confucius, and it is, in fact, the labor of his students, who compiled his moral maxims in The Analects after his death in 479 B.C.

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