Shlomo Avineri

Delineates a number of aspects of Zionist thought, as expressed through the writings of selected central nineteenth and twentieth century individuals. Avineri presents a history of Zionist thought through profiles of some of Zionism's major thinkers. Each chapter is devoted to a specific personality and focuses on a particular topic or approach. By examinimg the stories of these men, how their ideas developed, and some of their writings, the reader becomes familiar with different aspects of Zionist thought.

Theodor Herzl was born in 1860 in Budapest. He developed a successful career in journalism. As the Paris correspondent for Neue Freie Presse, Herzl followed the Dreyfus Affair, a notorious anti-Semitic incident in France in which a French Jewish army captain was falsely convicted of spying for Germany. Herzl came to reject his early ideas regarding Jewish emancipation and assimilation, and to believe that the Jews must remove themselves from Europe and create their own state. In 1896, he published 'Der Judenstaat' to immediate acclaim, attracting international attention. As a result, he met Kaiser Wilhelm II on several occasions, once in Jerusalem, attempted and failed to obtain support for a Jewish homeland from Pope Pius X, secured an offer from the British government to facilitate a large Jewish settlement in East Africa, and visited St Petersburg to confront the Russian threat to the Zionist movement. Herzl died suddenly in 1904, over 40 years before the creation of a Jewish state in Israel.