Michael McFaul

How did Boris Yeltsin - judged by most analysts and politicians the obvious underdog going into the 1996 Russian presidential election - emerge as the clear winner? Was Yeltsin's landslide reelection as free and fair as it appeared? In June 1996, for the first time in a thousand years, Russian citizens were given the chance to select their head of state in a democratic election. Yet the reformist incumbent, Boris Yeltsin, seemed poised for certain defeat at the hands of the Communist Party leader Gennadii Zyuganov; six months earlier, in parliamentary elections, Russian voters resoundingly rejected proreformist candidates in favor of those from the Communist Party and Vladimir Zhirinovsky's Liberal Democratic Party of Russia. Michael McFaul Analyzes three major factors that combine to explain why Yeltsin's victory should have been expected, namely, the "revolutionary" nature of the electorate's choices, polarizing and consolidating effects of the presidential election itself, and the superior, modern campaign strategy of Boris Yeltsin. In addition to the analysis, McFaul offers possible scenarios for Russia's next presidential election, as well as the potential future of democratic consolidation in Russia.

The demise of communism in the Soviet Union could not have occurred without the activism of dissident, anticommunist leaders who created and nourished a climate in which ordinary Russians gained the courage to stand up to and defeat communist control. But with communism ousted, what new form of government and what new leaders will emerge in Russia, a society that has never known democracy? Michael McFaul, a research associate at Stanford University's Center for International Security and Arms Control, and Sergei Markov, an assistant professor at Moscow State University, interviewed anti-communist leaders and collected the documents of anticommunist parties in the months preceding and immediately following the August 1991 attempted coup d'etat. To examine the range of the political spectrum in Russia, they also talked to procommunist leaders who emerged to oppose Mikhail Gorbachev's reforms, nationalist and anti-Semitic leaders of movements such as Pamyat', labor unions, Christian movements, and organizations opposed to the division of the Soviet Union. What emerges is a kaleidoscope of leaders with distinct ideas on key issues facing Russia: how to reform the economy, what role the market should play in a new economic system, how to respond to growing demands from non-Russian republics for independence, what leaders can be trusted, what Russia's relations with the West should be, and what form of government would be best for Russia. Gathered here are essays offering historical background on the parties, selected interviews with prominent members of these groups, and important party documents. Whether democracy will flourish in Russia remains in question. The parties profiled here, actively involved in the debate over Russia's future, offer readers an insider's look into contemporary Russian politics.

"Are Americans and Europeans united or divided over the goal of promoting democracy and the rule of law around the globe? What strategies and instruments do they wield in Africa, Asia, Eastern Europe, Latin America, and the Middle East in an effort to achieve these goals? And what do their successes and failures reveal both about the challenge of encouraging the spread of freedom and the nature of American and European foreign policies in the twenty-first century? These are some of the pressing questions tackled in this volume by a distinguished group of analysts from both sides of the Atlantic. Contrary to conventional wisdom, the authors demonstrate in detail that the US and the EU share many common features in their democracy promotion strategies, including shared 'double standards'. This is a much anticipated study - one that provides the first systematic, comparative analysis of American and European efforts to transform governance in developing countries."--Jacket.

"This volume explores the role of former president Kuchma and the oligarchs, societal attitudes, the role of the political opposition and civil society, the importance of the media, and the roles of Russia and the West"--Provided by publisher.

"A revelatory, behind-the-scenes acount of Rusian-American relations from the optimistic days of the end of communism in the Reagan-Gorbachev era to the confrontational era of Putin. In 2008, when Michael McFaul was asked to leave his perch at Stanford and join President-elect Barack Obama's national security team, he had no idea that he would find himself at the beating heart of one of today's most contentious international relationships. Obama wanted his guidance because McFaul had been studying and visiting Russia--and teaching Stanford students about it--for decades. He was there during the Gorbachev regime, he watched as Yeltsin faced down a military coup and as tumultuous reform swept the country throughout the 1990s, and he became one of America's preeminent scholars on Russia during the first Putin era. During President Obama's first term, McFaul helped craft the policy known as 'Reset,' which fostered new and unprecedented collaboration between the two countries under Dmitry Medvedev's presidency. Later, as U.S. ambassador from 2012 to 2014, he witnessed firsthand how Vladimir Putin's new rise interrupted this era of cooperation and returned Russian-American relations to a level of confrontation not known since the darkest days of the Cold War. From the outset of his ambassadorship, the Kremlin accused McFaul of being sent by Obama not to continue the Reset but instead to foment revolution against Putin's regime. This inside account blends history and memoir--from Putin's dacha to ornate Kremlin chambers to the Oval Office--to explain how Russia really works, and why America has entered into a dangerous new era of confrontation with Putin's Russia."--Dust jacket.

"As demonstrated by current events in Tunisia and Egypt, oppressive regimes are rarely immune to their citizens' desire for democratic government. Of course, desire is always tempered by reality; therefore how democratic demands are made manifest is a critical source of study for both political scientists and foreign policy makers. What issues and consequences surround the fall of a government, what type of regime replaces it, and to what extent are these efforts successful? Kathryn Stoner and Michael McFaul have created an accessible book of fifteen case studies from around the world that will help students understand these complex issues. Their model builds upon Guillermo O'Donnell, Philippe C. Schmitter, and Laurence Whitehead's classic work, Transitions from Authoritarian Rule, using a rubric of four identifying factors that can be applied to each case study, making comparison relatively easy. Transitions to Democracy yields strong comparisons and insights. For instance, the study reveals that efforts led by the elite and involving the military are generally unsuccessful, whereas mass mobilization, civic groups, and new media have become significant factors in supporting and sustaining democratic actors. This collection of writings by scholars and practitioners is organized into three parts: successful transitions, incremental transitions, and failed transitions. Extensive primary research and a rubric that can be applied to burgeoning democracies offer readers valuable tools and information."--Publisher's website.