The elements

"What is discovery? Why is it important to be first? These questions trouble the characters in 'Oxygen'. The action alternates between 1777 and 2001, the Centenary of the Nobel Prize, when the Nobel Foundation decides to inaugurate a 'retro-Nobel' award for discoveries that preceded the establishment of the Prize in 1901. The Foundation thinks this will be easy. In the good old days, wasn't science done for science's sake? Wasn't discovery simple, pure, and unalloyed by controversy, priority, claims, and hype? The Nobel Committee decides to reward the discovery of Oxygen, since that launched the Chemical Revolution. Lavoisier is a natural choice. But what about Scheele? What about Priestley? Didn't they first discover oxygen? The play brings the candidates and their wives to 1777 Stockholm at the invitation of King Gustav III. Through the scientists' wives, in a sauna and elsewhere, we learn of their lives and those of their husbands. Meanwhile in 2001, the Nobel Committee argues about the conflicting claims of the three men. The ethical issues around priority and discovery at the heart of this play are as timely today as they were in 1777. As are the ironies of revolutions: Lavoisier, the chemical revolutionary, is a political conservative, who loses his life in the Jacobin terror. Priestley, the political radical, is a chemical conservative. And Scheele just wants to run his pharmacy. He, the first man on earth to make oxygen, got least credit for it. Will that situation be repaired 230 years after his discovery?"--Inside front flap.

Describes the origins, properties, chemical activity, and uses of the element calcium. An attractive, readable book that explains calcium's atomic structure, where & how it occurs in nature, its reactions, compounds, & uses. Every single thing and person consists of elements, and this informative series will help young readers understand just how important the elements are and what role they play in the science of chemistry. Enhanced by easy-to-follow diagrams and full-color illustrations, the text explains how elements behave, their individual characteristics and their importance in everyday life. In addition to informative "fact boxes, " each volume also contains "Did You Know" features which explore topics such as why carbon makes soft drinks fizz. A wonderfully balanced combination of color photographs, paintings and drawings enhance the text and assist in learning about each element.

Explores the history of the chemical element hydrogen and explains its chemistry, how it reacts, its uses, and its importance in our lives.

Discusses the origin, discovery, special characteristics, and use of nitrogen in such products as explosives and fertilizers.