Foreign Service Institute basic course series

TABLE OF CONTENTS A Long and short vowels and consonants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 B How to choose the right initial vowel for a noun . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 C System for representing pitch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 D Class concord'between nouns and other words . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 E Names and numbers commonly used for designating most of the noun cIasses . . .67 F System for writing tone, and the three major tone rules . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 G Intonational differences between a statement and a yes - no question . . . . . . . . . . 97 H Symbols used where pronunciation does not match the spelling . . . . . . .. . . . . . . 111 I Juncture symbols and comma intonation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 J Linking element /n'-/'and, with'. Verb stem /-li/ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141 K Juncture symbol [+], 'relative' forms with the verb stem [-1 i ] . . . . . . . . .. . . . . 156 L Use of natural texts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .173 M The intonation [?] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .190 N Negative verb forms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .206 O Cardinal numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222