National Science Foundation (U.S.)

Describes radio astronomy and how it helps scientists study the universe.

A three-year program in the sciences for high school. Teacher (wraparound) ed. provides teachers with background information, strategies for guiding students through each activity using an inquiry-based approach, answers to the questions posed, and outcomes and indicators of success for each activity; has reduced student pages so teachers are on the same page as the students and still have access to the strategies and answers.

The National Science Foundation report on global climate change, entitled "Solving the Puzzle: Researching the Impacts of Climate Change around the World," describes how, over nearly 60 years, NSF-funded researchers have found signs of a changing climate in nearly every corner of the globe, from the icy expanses of Earth's polar regions to its equatorial ecosystems. Climate change research and education has been identified as a Presidential priority area for NSF, and the report's release coincides with the recent announcement of the President's fiscal year 2010 budget for NSF, which includes an increase of approximately $250 million for climate research, which would double NSF's investment in climate research. The report explores the contributions and on-going activities of NSF-funded researchers in science and engineering fields including ecology, glaciology, atmospheric science, behavioral science, and economics. The report addresses the climate change "puzzle" piecewise--devoting chapters to the sky, sea, ice, land, life and people components of Earth's climate system. Each chapter includes research highlights that capture the findings of several NSF-funded investigators, from those who have discovered new evidence of Earth's changing climate, to others who have developed cutting-edge approaches for reducing the human influence on Earth's climate, in research areas such as alternative energy and economics. NSF-funded researchers have revolutionized the way we understand the Earth system as a whole because they've reached across disciplinary boundaries to study questions that extend beyond any one field of science or engineering. Because of the complexity of Earth's climate, this research involves contributions from nearly every field of science, math and engineering. NSF has also launched a Foundation-wide Climate Change Education program aimed at improving K-12 to graduate education in climate change science and increasing the public's understanding of climate change and its consequences. These new investments build on the long history of world-class research and education efforts described in the report. The report addresses key research findings from the Earth elements of sky, sea, ice, land, life and people. The report points to human impacts on the environment, such as the use of fossil fuels, agriculture, land use as well as the use of aerosols as factors in the Earth's changing climate. They say it is "extremely likely that human activities have had a net warming effect since 1750." Researchers say the evidence of a changing planet is not solely based on one field of science. They note that a wide range of scientists - from ecologists to social scientists - have documented examples of climate change's impact on the Earth.

This longitudinal survey focuses on persons engaged in the fields of natural science, social science, engineering and related occupations. It gauges the effects of rapid development and innovation in science and technology on highly trained scientists and engineers. Variables include education and training, employment characteristics, marital status and presence of children at home, and physical disabilities or limitations. Respondents were interviewed in 1982, 1984, 1986, and 1989.

This volume of proceedings presents ongoing research activities and experience in fields related to rehabilitation of reinforced concrete structures from different points of view and in different countries. Benefitting researchers and practicing engineers alike, this state-of-the-art compendium provides a mechanism of technology transfer while attempting to foster international collaboration.

Cyberinfrastructure Vision for 21st Century Discovery is presented in a set of interrelated chapters that describe the various challenges and opportunities in the complementary areas that make up cyberinfrastructure: computing systems, data, information resources, networking, digitally enabled-sensors, instruments, virtual organizations, and observatories, along with an interoperable suite of software services and tools.

"This report is a review of advanced display research, development, and manufacturing activity in Belarus, Russia, and Ukraine. Topics covered include: liquid crystal display materials and related technologies; liquid crystal and other non-emissive displays; vacuum fluorescent, electroluminescent, field emmission, and other emissive displays; and phosphors and other emissive materials"--Abstract.