Frederick Robert Karl

Frederick R. Karl's magisterial biography of George Eliot proves her to be one of the most fascinating and iconic individuals of her time. Born in 1819 as Mary Anne Evans, she grew up near rural Coventry when the pastoral life was being destroyed by the rapid rise of industrialism. Her father, Robert Evans, took care of an estate, where the family lived. Eliot, his youngest child, absorbed the world around her, its beauty and its delicate sense of stability, which was about to be thoroughly disrupted. Eliot thrived on learning while she stayed home, taking care of her aging father. Upon his death, she began her long process of emergence and change. Her unusual intelligence and literary capacity brought her to the attention of John Chapman, who enlisted her to work on the intellectual Westminster Review in London. While there she met some of the leading thinkers of her era, including Herbert Spencer. Karl focuses on her relationships with these men in a way earlier biographers have been unable, using many letters and documents previously unavailable. Karl shows how Eliot's break from respectable womanhood by running off with the married George Henry Lewes allowed her to begin her career as the major British novelist of the nineteenth century. Often, she drew upon her own life to create her plots and characters. She set several of her masterworks - Adam Bede, The Mill on the Floss, Silas Marner, Felix Holt, and Middlemarch - in the England of the past and her youth to show a complex portrait of society and character - one that captures us today with its moral dilemmas and psychological shrewdness.

No longer merely a stepchild of literary studies, history, psychology, or some other category, biography in recent years has emerged as its own discipline. Much of biography traditionally involves digging deeply into archival or source materials. But biography has also begun to assimilate to itself some of the critical procedures we see more generally in literary and historical studies. While the volumes of Biography and Source Studies are functionally independent of the Biography Seminar (begun at New York University by Professor Aileen Ward), they draw upon its considerable human resources for articles. - Publisher.

A critical biography examining the life of the author considered to be a part of the modernism movement.

This comprehensive, critical analysis of American novels of the past four decades interprets and evaluates a wide range of writers and works of what Karl views as the first sustained period of "American Modernism."